Dr. Edward Popovich, from Boca Raton Community Hospital in Florida, United States, defined Six Sigma as, “The relentless and rigorous pursuit of the reduction of variation in all critical processes to achieve continuous and breakthrough improvements that impact the bottom line and/or top line of the organization and increase customer satisfaction.” In this short course, we will discuss some of the main ideas and methods that constitute Six Sigma, including the Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control (DMAIC) process its associated tools. We will also discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks of Six Sigma and how those apply in a healthcare setting.